Madaxweynaha dawladda Puntland, Cabdiraxmaan Maxamed Faroole ayaa wareegto uu xafiiskiisa ka soo saaray maalintii Axadda (29/11/2009) la taliye dhinaca saxaafadda ah oo ay dawladdu yeelato ugu magacaabay isla wiilkiisa Maxamed Cabdiraxmaan Maxamed Faroole taas oo noqotay warkii ugu dareenka badnaa toddobaadkan.
Waa dhab in ay suurta gal tahay in Maxamed Cabdiraxmaan uu xilkaas u qalmo sidoo kalena uu xaq u leeyahay in xil loo magacaabo hase yeeshee meesha lagu magacaabay ayaa ah gole ceebeed, marba haddii horay inankaas loogu xaman jirey in uu dhegta wax ugu sheego aabbihiis isla markaasna uu fara gelin ba’an ku hayo maamulka.
Gaar ahaan saxafiyiinta Puntland ayaa sas iyo walaac hor leh ka muujiyey arrintan, halka qaarkood ay sheegeen in warkanu uu ku noqday dhul-gariir naxdin ah, maaddaama Maxamed Cabdiraxmaan oo isaga laftuusu suxufi ah horay loogu eedeeyey in uu maamulkii iyo saxaafaddii amaba saxafiyiintii iska hor keenay.
Doc kale haddii laga eego Madaxweyne Faroole uma wanaagsanayn in uu wiilkiisa jagadan u magacaabo iyadoo loo arki karo ansixin iyo sharciyayn cilladaha wiilkiisa, waxanay dhabbaha u xaareysaa in uu ku amar ku taagleeyo saaxaafadda iyo dadka ka hawl gala intaba.
Waxaa kale oo ay magacaabisani daaha ka rogeysaa in odaygu uu u dhaqmayo sidii boqortooyooyinka iyo keligood taliyayaasha oo xubnaha qoysaskooda ku xardha jagooyinka ugu muhiimsan qaranka.
Muxiyadiin Hiirad Kaatun oo aan arrintan kala sheekaystay ayaa ii sheegay in uu aad uga walaacsan yahay xil magacaabista Maxamed C/raxmaan faroole oo buu yiri u dhiganta “maandhow wiilasha wax qorqora iyo kuwa hadla ii soo basaas oo soo xirxir, saxafiyiinna u aqoonso inta i taageersan”.
Anigu shakhsiyan kamamid ihi ddaka walaacaas qaba waayo wiilka madaxwaynuhu xilwuuqabankaa maxaayeelay waa nin muwaadin ah maaha in shaqadiisa lagu xiro aabihii waxase la taliyaha la magacaabay sidatan
* * In uu karti iyo furfurnaan muujiyo oo uu dawladda Puntland iyo saxaafadda Puntland xiriir iyo wada shaqayn hor leh u sameeyo si shakigu u baxo.
Thursday, 10 December 2009
Somali Foreign Minister Says MYM, Al-Qaeda Behind Mogadishu Bombing
Report by Khalid Mahmud in Cairo: “The Somali Foreign Minister to Al-Sharq al-Awsat: the Mogadishu Bombing Has All the Hallmarks of the Youth Mujahidin Movement and Al-Qaeda; Such Bombings Are Not Known in Somalia or Even in Most World Countries”
Several Somali Government officials and international community figures have expressed skepticism about the denial by the Somali Mujahidin Youth Movement (MYM), which is opposed to the Somali transitional government, led by Shaykh Sharif Shaykh Ahmad, and to the foreign military presence in Somalia, of its responsibility for the terrorist bombing that occurred during a medical students graduation ceremony in a hotel in the Somali capital of Mogadishu. The suicide bombing left 32dead, including cabinet ministers, journalists, doctors, and 40 others injured.
Somali Foreign Minister Ali Ahmed Jami Jengeli told Al-Sharq al-Awsat by telephone from Mogadishu that the mode of the bombing had all the hallmarks of the MYM, which is linked to Al-Qaeda, noting that the way the bombing took place is not known in Somalia, the African countries, or and even in most countries of the world.
According to official and unofficial stories, the bomber entered the graduation ceremony hall disguised in veiled woman`s clothes and sat for some time listening to the speeches made before approaching the platform and detonating himself. After the bombing, the police showed journalists the mutilated body parts of the bomber.
The Somali foreign minister confirmed to Al-Sharq al-Awsat that the MYM usually commits such acts. He added: “I have learned that the MYM denied responsibility for the incident, but this is due to the people`s anger at the magnitude of the destruction and losses in life. However, we suspect that the MYM has a hand in the bombing, and it usually behaves in this way.”
In reply to a question on whether he means that Al-Qaeda and the MYM are involved in the bombing, the Somali foreign minister said: “There are indications of this involvement, and previously they carried out similar acts of terror. So far we have no definite evidence of their involvement, but we will conduct a broad investigation and after which we will announce the details, including the parties behind the bombing. We have to wait until we have examined the evidence before issuing a final judgment, and we will be prepared to do that.”
In reply to a question on whether the Somali Government will ask for foreign security assistance in the investigation, the foreign minister said: “This depends on the investigators. If they ask for experts, they have all the powers to do that. But I have no information on whether there is a need foreign assistance in the investigation. There is a need to learn the whole truth to tell the world and the Somali people. We will share all the information that we will obtain with the countries concerned and certainly with our people.”
The UN envoy to Somalia, Ahmed Ould Abdallah, has held those he called Islamist rebels responsible for most of the major acts of violence plaguing the country. In a statement he made in Tokyo, he said: “I think that it is utter delusion to suggest that those behind the atrocity are not the same group that killed the security minister, that attacked the peacekeeping force, and that stoned women and children to death.”
It is to be recalled that MYM spokesman Ali Mahmoud Raji had denied his group`s responsibility for the latest bombing in Mogadishu. He said: “We declare that the MYM did not engineer that bombing. We believe it is a conspiracy by the Somali Government. It is not in the nature of the MYM to target innocent people.” He said that deep political differences surfaced a long time ago among senior officials of the fragile government of Somali President Shaykh Sharif, which is in control of only limited areas of the capital Mogadishu. He added: “As you know, there is a power struggle, which has been going on for a long time.” He said: “We know that some of those who call themselves government officials had left the scene of the explosion minutes before the bombing occurred, and so it is clear that they are responsible for the carnage.”
In an attempt to distance the Islamic Party from the Mogadishu incident, Islamic Party leader Hasan Dahir Aweys condemned the bombing. He said that it was engineered by “our enemies who want to kill Somali intellectuals and spread an atmosphere of hostility to prevent reconciliation.” He stressed that the bombing “could not have possibly been carried out by a Somali citizen; it was engineered by enemies, perhaps in cooperation with foreign conspirators who seek to occupy Somalia, in reference to the African Union peacekeeping force composed of approximately 4,000 soldiers from Burundi and Uganda.”
Several observers believe that the latest bombing will undermine the prestige of the Somali Government and put it to the test amid fears that the Islamist rebels may succeed in penetrating the security and military agencies loyal to them. In his statement to Al-Sharq al-Awsat, however, the Somali foreign minister ruled out the possibility of the collapse of the transitional government, led by President Shaykh Sharif, which came to power early this year, because of the latest bombing. He said that this terrorist attack will not intimidate the interim authority (the president, government, and parliament) or prevent officials from continuing to perform their duties. He added: “We have undertaken a noble mission to help our people who have placed their trust in us. Nothing will prevent us from performing our duty to restore security and stability and help our people.” He added: “We will continue our efforts on this path because we shoulder a major and important responsibility, which, we believe, have the Somali people`s support.” He pointed out that President Sharif emphasized this approach in a statement he made the day before yesterday. He said: “We are resolved to continue to work in the interest of the Somali people and to achieve peace. The bombing will not frighten us; it will only increase our determination and insistence to go ahead to achieve our goals and national reconciliation.”
The Somali foreign minister appealed to those he called our “friends in the Arab world” to help the Somali people and government at this crucial time. He told Al-Sharqal-Awsat : “We need the support and assistance of our friends in the Arab world. We assume major missions to achieve peace and stability. Many international parties are helping us, and we are exerting efforts to restore security to the country.”
Several Somali Government officials and international community figures have expressed skepticism about the denial by the Somali Mujahidin Youth Movement (MYM), which is opposed to the Somali transitional government, led by Shaykh Sharif Shaykh Ahmad, and to the foreign military presence in Somalia, of its responsibility for the terrorist bombing that occurred during a medical students graduation ceremony in a hotel in the Somali capital of Mogadishu. The suicide bombing left 32dead, including cabinet ministers, journalists, doctors, and 40 others injured.
Somali Foreign Minister Ali Ahmed Jami Jengeli told Al-Sharq al-Awsat by telephone from Mogadishu that the mode of the bombing had all the hallmarks of the MYM, which is linked to Al-Qaeda, noting that the way the bombing took place is not known in Somalia, the African countries, or and even in most countries of the world.
According to official and unofficial stories, the bomber entered the graduation ceremony hall disguised in veiled woman`s clothes and sat for some time listening to the speeches made before approaching the platform and detonating himself. After the bombing, the police showed journalists the mutilated body parts of the bomber.
The Somali foreign minister confirmed to Al-Sharq al-Awsat that the MYM usually commits such acts. He added: “I have learned that the MYM denied responsibility for the incident, but this is due to the people`s anger at the magnitude of the destruction and losses in life. However, we suspect that the MYM has a hand in the bombing, and it usually behaves in this way.”
In reply to a question on whether he means that Al-Qaeda and the MYM are involved in the bombing, the Somali foreign minister said: “There are indications of this involvement, and previously they carried out similar acts of terror. So far we have no definite evidence of their involvement, but we will conduct a broad investigation and after which we will announce the details, including the parties behind the bombing. We have to wait until we have examined the evidence before issuing a final judgment, and we will be prepared to do that.”
In reply to a question on whether the Somali Government will ask for foreign security assistance in the investigation, the foreign minister said: “This depends on the investigators. If they ask for experts, they have all the powers to do that. But I have no information on whether there is a need foreign assistance in the investigation. There is a need to learn the whole truth to tell the world and the Somali people. We will share all the information that we will obtain with the countries concerned and certainly with our people.”
The UN envoy to Somalia, Ahmed Ould Abdallah, has held those he called Islamist rebels responsible for most of the major acts of violence plaguing the country. In a statement he made in Tokyo, he said: “I think that it is utter delusion to suggest that those behind the atrocity are not the same group that killed the security minister, that attacked the peacekeeping force, and that stoned women and children to death.”
It is to be recalled that MYM spokesman Ali Mahmoud Raji had denied his group`s responsibility for the latest bombing in Mogadishu. He said: “We declare that the MYM did not engineer that bombing. We believe it is a conspiracy by the Somali Government. It is not in the nature of the MYM to target innocent people.” He said that deep political differences surfaced a long time ago among senior officials of the fragile government of Somali President Shaykh Sharif, which is in control of only limited areas of the capital Mogadishu. He added: “As you know, there is a power struggle, which has been going on for a long time.” He said: “We know that some of those who call themselves government officials had left the scene of the explosion minutes before the bombing occurred, and so it is clear that they are responsible for the carnage.”
In an attempt to distance the Islamic Party from the Mogadishu incident, Islamic Party leader Hasan Dahir Aweys condemned the bombing. He said that it was engineered by “our enemies who want to kill Somali intellectuals and spread an atmosphere of hostility to prevent reconciliation.” He stressed that the bombing “could not have possibly been carried out by a Somali citizen; it was engineered by enemies, perhaps in cooperation with foreign conspirators who seek to occupy Somalia, in reference to the African Union peacekeeping force composed of approximately 4,000 soldiers from Burundi and Uganda.”
Several observers believe that the latest bombing will undermine the prestige of the Somali Government and put it to the test amid fears that the Islamist rebels may succeed in penetrating the security and military agencies loyal to them. In his statement to Al-Sharq al-Awsat, however, the Somali foreign minister ruled out the possibility of the collapse of the transitional government, led by President Shaykh Sharif, which came to power early this year, because of the latest bombing. He said that this terrorist attack will not intimidate the interim authority (the president, government, and parliament) or prevent officials from continuing to perform their duties. He added: “We have undertaken a noble mission to help our people who have placed their trust in us. Nothing will prevent us from performing our duty to restore security and stability and help our people.” He added: “We will continue our efforts on this path because we shoulder a major and important responsibility, which, we believe, have the Somali people`s support.” He pointed out that President Sharif emphasized this approach in a statement he made the day before yesterday. He said: “We are resolved to continue to work in the interest of the Somali people and to achieve peace. The bombing will not frighten us; it will only increase our determination and insistence to go ahead to achieve our goals and national reconciliation.”
The Somali foreign minister appealed to those he called our “friends in the Arab world” to help the Somali people and government at this crucial time. He told Al-Sharqal-Awsat : “We need the support and assistance of our friends in the Arab world. We assume major missions to achieve peace and stability. Many international parties are helping us, and we are exerting efforts to restore security to the country.”
idee Loo Arkey Mamnuucida Minaaradaha ee Dalka Switzerland?
udaahaardyo, canbaarayn ba’an, wel wel iyo dabaaldeg ayaa lagu soo dhaweeyay go’aankii ay qaateen shacabka Swiss-ka kadib markii ay maalintii shalay(29.11.2009) u codeeyeen in la mamnuuco Minaaradaha laga taago masaajida Muslimiinta.
Magaalooyinka waaweyn ee dalka Switzerland ee Zürich iyo Bern waxaa isugu soo baxay dad gaaraya boqolaal kuwaas oo muujiyey sida ay uga soo horjeedaan go’aanka ay qaateen shacabka Swiss-ku.
Amnesty International ayaa ku shaagtay natiijada codeynta mid denbi ku ah xoriyada diimeed ee aadanaha, sidoo kale xisbiga Cagaarka ee Switzerland ayaa sheegay in ay dacwad u gudbinayaan Maxkmadda xuquuqda aadanaha ee wadamada Yurub, sidaas si lamid ah waxaa wel wel u muujiyey Hay’adda Qaramada Midoobey qaybtiisa xuquuqda aadanaha xafiiskiida Genève.
Maskuri Abdilah oo ah hogaamiyaha Muslimiinta Induniisiya “Nahdlatul Ulama” ayaa canbaareyn xoogan dusha uga tuurey mamnuucida Minaaradaha ” Arintan macnaheedu waa sida shacabka Swiss-ku u necebyihiin Muslimiinta, ma doonayaan in ay arkaan dad muslimiin ah ku sugan dalkooda” ayuu yiri Maskur.
Sidaas si lamid ah waxaa u canbaareeyay Muftiga dalka Masar Cali Jomaa “Go’aanka mamnuucidda minaaradahu maaha mid ku wajahan xornimada diinta ee waxa loo socdaa waa ururada Islaamka ee dalkaas ka jira” ayuu yiri mar uu u waramaayey warbaahinta Mena.
Saxaafadda Swiss-ka ayaa muujisey welwelka ay arintan ka qabaan joornaalka maalinlaha ah ee Le Temps ayaa qoray ” codeyntii waxa ay soo jiidey cabsi, xagjirnimo” waxa ay ka digtey in arimahaani ay dhawaacaan booska dadka Swiss-ku ay beesha caalamka kaga jiraan.
Joornaalka kale ee , 24 Heures ee xaruntiisu tahay magaalada Lausanne, ayaa ka digay in dalxiiska,ganacaiga, iyo alaabaha Swiss-ku soo saaraan la iska mamnuuco iyada oo sabab looga dhigaayo mamnuucida minaaradaha.
Joornaalka kale ee la yiraahdo Tagesanzeiger ee xaruntiisu tahay Zürich ayaa cinwaan uga dhigay dadka Swiss-ka oo u kala qaybsamay labo “Xadaarad cusub iyo caalaminimo” “Taqliidi iyo wadaninimo”.
Wasiirka arimaha dibadda ee Faransiiska Bernard Kouchner ayaa go’aanka ugu yeeray “mid maanefesto u ah tacasub, waxaana quman in shacabka Swiss-ku deg deg uga laabtaan”.
Sidoo kale wasiirka arimaha dibadda ee dalka Sweden isla markaasna haya madaxtinimada Midowga Yurub Carl Bildt, ayaa dhankiisa ka canbaareeyay go’aanka.
Halka ay wel welka ka muujinayaan hogaamiyaasha muslimiinta, saxaafadda, iyo ururada xuquuqda aadanaha, waxaa dhankooda dabaaldeg iyo feesto wada xisbiyada dhanka midig ee Yurub.
Xagjirka Faransiiska ah Jean-Marie Le Pen ayaa aad u soo dhaweeyay natiijada doorashada Le Pen ayaa u sheegay warbaahinta AFP, “waa in laga baxaa cabsida la qabo, oo la mamnuucaa dhamaan calaamadaha siyaasadeed iyo kuwa diimeed ee la doonaayo in Yurub laga asaaso”
Sidoo kale Wasiir ka tirsan dawladda Talyaaniga oo lagu magacaabo Reberto Calderoli ayaa sheegay in uu aad u soo dhaweynaayo go’aanka mamnuucida minaaradaha, waxa uu yiri mar uu u waramaayey hay’adda warbaahinta Talyaaniga ee ANSA “Dadka Swiss-ku waxa ay noo soo direen baaq cad kaas oo ah Haa derbiga dheer ee saacaddu ku taalo ee kaniisadda maya Minaaradaha masaajida, waxaa loo baahan yahay wax joojiyaha u qabta siyaasadda muslimiinta ee ku fideysa Yurub”.
Dalka Denmark xisbiga Folk party ayaa sheegay in ay doonayaan in ay isu yimaadaan folketinget si loo meelmariyo cod loo qaado arintan oo kale Hogaamiyaha xisbiga DF gabadha la yiraahdo Pia Kjærsgaard, ayaa sheegtay in ay ku fekereyso sidii loo soo jeedin lahaa hindise kan oo kale ah, waxayse shegtay in loo baahan yahay sadex meelood laba meelood folketinget isku raacaan in ay taageeraan qorshaha codeynta, laakiin xisbiyada kale ee Denmark arintan may qabaan.
Sidey doontaba ha noqotee arintan ayaa muujisey welwel iyo walbahaar kaas oo ay qabaan dadka Muslimiinta ah iyo siyaasiyiinta fur furan ee wadamada Yurub kuwaas oo doonaaya in ay markasta xiriir wacan la leeyihiin dadka Muslimiinta ah, halka wadamada aadka ugu fogaadey nidaamka dimoqraadiyaddu ay u arkaan meelkadhac xoriyada diimeed loo geystey.
Maalintii shalay ayaa shacabka ku dhaqan dalka Switzerlandu codeeyeen hinise ah in la mamnuuco minaaradaha ka taagan Masaajida Switzerland waxaa qorshahan gadaal ka riixayeen xisbiga xagjirka ah ee SPP, waxaana u codeeyay in la mamnuuco minaaradaha 57%, natiijada ayaa noqotey mid aan la fileyn, waxaana sabab looga dhigey dedaalka dheeraadka ah ee ay ku bixiyeen dadka u ololeynaaya in la mamnuuco.
mohamud mire
Magaalooyinka waaweyn ee dalka Switzerland ee Zürich iyo Bern waxaa isugu soo baxay dad gaaraya boqolaal kuwaas oo muujiyey sida ay uga soo horjeedaan go’aanka ay qaateen shacabka Swiss-ku.
Amnesty International ayaa ku shaagtay natiijada codeynta mid denbi ku ah xoriyada diimeed ee aadanaha, sidoo kale xisbiga Cagaarka ee Switzerland ayaa sheegay in ay dacwad u gudbinayaan Maxkmadda xuquuqda aadanaha ee wadamada Yurub, sidaas si lamid ah waxaa wel wel u muujiyey Hay’adda Qaramada Midoobey qaybtiisa xuquuqda aadanaha xafiiskiida Genève.
Maskuri Abdilah oo ah hogaamiyaha Muslimiinta Induniisiya “Nahdlatul Ulama” ayaa canbaareyn xoogan dusha uga tuurey mamnuucida Minaaradaha ” Arintan macnaheedu waa sida shacabka Swiss-ku u necebyihiin Muslimiinta, ma doonayaan in ay arkaan dad muslimiin ah ku sugan dalkooda” ayuu yiri Maskur.
Sidaas si lamid ah waxaa u canbaareeyay Muftiga dalka Masar Cali Jomaa “Go’aanka mamnuucidda minaaradahu maaha mid ku wajahan xornimada diinta ee waxa loo socdaa waa ururada Islaamka ee dalkaas ka jira” ayuu yiri mar uu u waramaayey warbaahinta Mena.
Saxaafadda Swiss-ka ayaa muujisey welwelka ay arintan ka qabaan joornaalka maalinlaha ah ee Le Temps ayaa qoray ” codeyntii waxa ay soo jiidey cabsi, xagjirnimo” waxa ay ka digtey in arimahaani ay dhawaacaan booska dadka Swiss-ku ay beesha caalamka kaga jiraan.
Joornaalka kale ee , 24 Heures ee xaruntiisu tahay magaalada Lausanne, ayaa ka digay in dalxiiska,ganacaiga, iyo alaabaha Swiss-ku soo saaraan la iska mamnuuco iyada oo sabab looga dhigaayo mamnuucida minaaradaha.
Joornaalka kale ee la yiraahdo Tagesanzeiger ee xaruntiisu tahay Zürich ayaa cinwaan uga dhigay dadka Swiss-ka oo u kala qaybsamay labo “Xadaarad cusub iyo caalaminimo” “Taqliidi iyo wadaninimo”.
Wasiirka arimaha dibadda ee Faransiiska Bernard Kouchner ayaa go’aanka ugu yeeray “mid maanefesto u ah tacasub, waxaana quman in shacabka Swiss-ku deg deg uga laabtaan”.
Sidoo kale wasiirka arimaha dibadda ee dalka Sweden isla markaasna haya madaxtinimada Midowga Yurub Carl Bildt, ayaa dhankiisa ka canbaareeyay go’aanka.
Halka ay wel welka ka muujinayaan hogaamiyaasha muslimiinta, saxaafadda, iyo ururada xuquuqda aadanaha, waxaa dhankooda dabaaldeg iyo feesto wada xisbiyada dhanka midig ee Yurub.
Xagjirka Faransiiska ah Jean-Marie Le Pen ayaa aad u soo dhaweeyay natiijada doorashada Le Pen ayaa u sheegay warbaahinta AFP, “waa in laga baxaa cabsida la qabo, oo la mamnuucaa dhamaan calaamadaha siyaasadeed iyo kuwa diimeed ee la doonaayo in Yurub laga asaaso”
Sidoo kale Wasiir ka tirsan dawladda Talyaaniga oo lagu magacaabo Reberto Calderoli ayaa sheegay in uu aad u soo dhaweynaayo go’aanka mamnuucida minaaradaha, waxa uu yiri mar uu u waramaayey hay’adda warbaahinta Talyaaniga ee ANSA “Dadka Swiss-ku waxa ay noo soo direen baaq cad kaas oo ah Haa derbiga dheer ee saacaddu ku taalo ee kaniisadda maya Minaaradaha masaajida, waxaa loo baahan yahay wax joojiyaha u qabta siyaasadda muslimiinta ee ku fideysa Yurub”.
Dalka Denmark xisbiga Folk party ayaa sheegay in ay doonayaan in ay isu yimaadaan folketinget si loo meelmariyo cod loo qaado arintan oo kale Hogaamiyaha xisbiga DF gabadha la yiraahdo Pia Kjærsgaard, ayaa sheegtay in ay ku fekereyso sidii loo soo jeedin lahaa hindise kan oo kale ah, waxayse shegtay in loo baahan yahay sadex meelood laba meelood folketinget isku raacaan in ay taageeraan qorshaha codeynta, laakiin xisbiyada kale ee Denmark arintan may qabaan.
Sidey doontaba ha noqotee arintan ayaa muujisey welwel iyo walbahaar kaas oo ay qabaan dadka Muslimiinta ah iyo siyaasiyiinta fur furan ee wadamada Yurub kuwaas oo doonaaya in ay markasta xiriir wacan la leeyihiin dadka Muslimiinta ah, halka wadamada aadka ugu fogaadey nidaamka dimoqraadiyaddu ay u arkaan meelkadhac xoriyada diimeed loo geystey.
Maalintii shalay ayaa shacabka ku dhaqan dalka Switzerlandu codeeyeen hinise ah in la mamnuuco minaaradaha ka taagan Masaajida Switzerland waxaa qorshahan gadaal ka riixayeen xisbiga xagjirka ah ee SPP, waxaana u codeeyay in la mamnuuco minaaradaha 57%, natiijada ayaa noqotey mid aan la fileyn, waxaana sabab looga dhigey dedaalka dheeraadka ah ee ay ku bixiyeen dadka u ololeynaaya in la mamnuuco.
mohamud mire
Magaalada Garoowe oo laga xusay Maalinta Xuquuqda Aadanaha(Sawirro).
Kulan balaaran oo lagu maamusaayay maalinta xuquuqda aduunka oo ay soo qaban qaabisay Wasaarada Haweenka iyo Qoyska Dowlada Puntland ayaa maanta ka dhacday guriga Wasaarada ee Magaalada Garoowe.
Waxaana ka soo qaybgalay masuuliyin ka kala socday Golaha Wasiirada,Golaha Barlamaankaa Puntland iyo Ururada Bulshada.
Masuuliyinti ka soo qaybgalay ayaa waxaa ka mid ahaa Gudoomiyaha Barlamaanka C/rashiid Maxamed Xirsi,Wasiirdowlaha maamul wanaaga Puntland Maxamed Faarax Gaashaan,Wasiir labaad ee arimaha gudaha Cali Yuusuf Xoosha,Wasiir kuxigeenka Haweenka iyo arimaha qoyska Xaliimo Cali Warsame iyo masuuliyin kale.
Ugu horeyn Gudoomiyaha Barlamaanka Puntland oo ka hadlay kulankaasi ayaa sheegay in loo baahanyahay in si wadajir ay maamulka iyo dadweynaha Puntland ay wax uga qabtaan arimaha Xuquuqda Bin’aadamka ka dhanka ah.
Waxaana u intaasi ku daray Gudoomiyuhu in Dowlada Puntland ay heegan u tahay ilaalinta iyo dhowrida xuquuqda Bin’aadamka.
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Wasiiru-dowlaha maamul wanaaga Puntland Maxamed Faarax Gaashaan oo ka mid ahaa masuuliyinti masraxa khudbada ka soo muuqday ayaa u mahadceliyey Wasaarada Haweenka iyo Qoyska Puntland oo ku amaanay qaban qaabada munaasabada iyo sida had iyo goor ay ugu heelan tahay horumarinta arimaha Haweenka iyo Qoyska.
Waxaana u sheegay in Puntland ay ka go’aantahay dhowrida xuquuqda Bin’aadamka iyadoo tixraacaysa qawaaniinta u yaala caalamka ee ku aadan xuquuqda aadanaha.
Wasiir kuxigeenka Wasaarada Haweenka iyo Qoyska Xaliimo Cali Warsame ayaa iyaduna halkaas ka sheegtay ayna ku dheeraatay howlaha Wasaarada ay ka qabatay arimaha haweenka iyo qoyska.
”Haweenku waa dhextaalka Bulshada,Hooyo kastana waxaa ay u baahantahay tixgelin sida daraadeed waa in la qiimeeya hooyada lagana ilaaliya tacadiyada”,ayay tiri.
Si kastaba Maalinta Xuquuqda Aadanaha ayaa maanta si weyn looga xusay caalamka
Waxaana ka soo qaybgalay masuuliyin ka kala socday Golaha Wasiirada,Golaha Barlamaankaa Puntland iyo Ururada Bulshada.
Masuuliyinti ka soo qaybgalay ayaa waxaa ka mid ahaa Gudoomiyaha Barlamaanka C/rashiid Maxamed Xirsi,Wasiirdowlaha maamul wanaaga Puntland Maxamed Faarax Gaashaan,Wasiir labaad ee arimaha gudaha Cali Yuusuf Xoosha,Wasiir kuxigeenka Haweenka iyo arimaha qoyska Xaliimo Cali Warsame iyo masuuliyin kale.
Ugu horeyn Gudoomiyaha Barlamaanka Puntland oo ka hadlay kulankaasi ayaa sheegay in loo baahanyahay in si wadajir ay maamulka iyo dadweynaha Puntland ay wax uga qabtaan arimaha Xuquuqda Bin’aadamka ka dhanka ah.
Waxaana u intaasi ku daray Gudoomiyuhu in Dowlada Puntland ay heegan u tahay ilaalinta iyo dhowrida xuquuqda Bin’aadamka.
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Wasiiru-dowlaha maamul wanaaga Puntland Maxamed Faarax Gaashaan oo ka mid ahaa masuuliyinti masraxa khudbada ka soo muuqday ayaa u mahadceliyey Wasaarada Haweenka iyo Qoyska Puntland oo ku amaanay qaban qaabada munaasabada iyo sida had iyo goor ay ugu heelan tahay horumarinta arimaha Haweenka iyo Qoyska.
Waxaana u sheegay in Puntland ay ka go’aantahay dhowrida xuquuqda Bin’aadamka iyadoo tixraacaysa qawaaniinta u yaala caalamka ee ku aadan xuquuqda aadanaha.
Wasiir kuxigeenka Wasaarada Haweenka iyo Qoyska Xaliimo Cali Warsame ayaa iyaduna halkaas ka sheegtay ayna ku dheeraatay howlaha Wasaarada ay ka qabatay arimaha haweenka iyo qoyska.
”Haweenku waa dhextaalka Bulshada,Hooyo kastana waxaa ay u baahantahay tixgelin sida daraadeed waa in la qiimeeya hooyada lagana ilaaliya tacadiyada”,ayay tiri.
Si kastaba Maalinta Xuquuqda Aadanaha ayaa maanta si weyn looga xusay caalamka
Monday, 3 August 2009
Yemen; Report on Impact of Qat Plant, Usage on Country`s Health, Economy
Part 6 of report by Abd-al-Sattar Hutaytah in Sanaa: “Happy Yemen: Emerging From the Tunnel: Qat Consumes Health and Water and Yemenis Are Divided Over it. They Spend $4 Million a Day on it. Quick Steps To Replace Qat Trees With Fruit Ones, Move its Markets Outside Cities, and Replace Storing Sessions With Beneficial Exercises”
“In the center of al-zuwwah (storing space) put me”, “like a baby swaddle me”, “the tip of my stem, what a taste” and “the last of my stem, what madness.” Such verses are common among the Yemenis after a large part ofthem have started to realize the problem of continuing to chew Qat whose leaves are taken from shrubs planted everywhere. Sucking its juice gives a sense of pleasant numbness and happiness for several hours which are followed by a sense of nervousness, distress, and sadness.
This realization that Qat has become a problem is not limited to those who use it but has also become the main topic of discussions by politicians and legal experts in what looks likely to be a long way for eliminating a habit for the Yemenis that has lasted around 300 years. The ideas that look small might get bigger and turn into facts, as Abdallah says. He is a doctor and we were brought together in a “storing room.” Such rooms are found in most Yemeni houses. It is one room in the house or an extension to it where friends and acquaintances meet, in the afternoon. Each one brings his share of Qat and the session of chewing, relaxing, telling stories, watching television, reading newspapers, or surfing the internet are pursued with a clear and trouble-free minds and imaginations that sometimes get mixed up with the reality and reach the point of fantasia. Ethiopia in Africa is regarded as the origin country of the Qat plant and many Yemenis believe that Abrahah brought it to the Arabian Peninsula when he was unable to demolish the Ka`bah so as to drug the peninsula people and make them “feel cheerful” and thus achieve his purpose. Centuries passed and Abrahah disappeared leaving behind him one of his most important weapons, “the Qat.”
Sitting in a large room dedicated to storing during the second half of the day, the owner of a Qat farm in the Imran area called Abd-al-Wadud says the habit of chewing Qat and storing it inside the side of the mouth surprises everyone who visits Yemen for the first time. He added that until 200 years ago, this habit was confined to those who were known in Yemen until recently the ruling and rich classes due to its high prices which were beyond the ability of the ordinary people to buy or chew. But today, every Yemeni can plant his house garden with the Qat shrubs, use part and sell apart.”
Abd-al-Wadud planted over almost 20 years around 1,000 trees out of more than 300 million planted all over Yemen.
Yemeni men sell qat in the main qat market in Sanaa May 9, 2007. To match the feature YEMEN-QAT. Picture taken May 9, 2007. REUTERS/Ahmed Jadallah
Other tales do not stop with that of “Abrahah” but add to them another one going back to the Ottoman rule and the Imamate one in the 19th Century and the first half of the last century. One of the tales says that the Ottoman rulers imposed heavy taxes on Yemeni coffee planters which prompted many of them to replace the coffee with Qat trees and that the unfair tax policies of the Yemeni Imamate rule after the departure of the Ottomans made the Yemenis expand more and more in planting Qat at the expense of coffee plantations. One of the studies prepared by specialized Yemeni centers on Qat points out that chewing this shrub`s leaves, storing them inside the mouth, and holding private storing sessions that bring friends together have become one of the popular traditions at the start of the last quarter of the 19th Century “and since the start of the 20th Century, the poorest sectors joined the users of Qat, including women and students.”
The feeling you have after 40 minutes of chewing the Qat at Abd-al-Wadud`s session is a sense of light numbness that gives you rapture close to that obtained after smoking drugs (hashish). But the farm owner objects and says: “It is not like hashish because Qat does not harm the body. It makes you forget your worries, relaxes the nerves, and calms your mind.” Defending the shrubs planted in his house`s courtyard and which are also planted on the mountain ridges opposite it, he adds: “Storing the Qat removes whatever is preoccupying your mind.”
Qat shrubs are not planted in the vast countryside farms only but are found around cities and in houses` gardens. Qat farms are next to vineyards. Kamal, a truck driver with a lean face and body who was present at a Qat session in Abd-al-Wadud`s house says: “You take the Qat that has a strong effect on the mind, Al-Hamadani Qat or Al-Arhabi Qat.”
The price of a bundle of Qat of the same size as a bundle of watercress starts at 1000 riyals (around $5) and the price drops according to the quality and extent of its effect to around 250 riyals of the “Yemeni honey” variety and to 150 riyals for ordinary Qat.
This truck driver stores it all the time he is awake, that is, he is a “Qat addict” according to him: “I start the engine and put my hand inside the bag. With the first gear move, I start to store. I sometimes store without food all day long. I store while I am on the road, at home, and with my friends.”
Storing requires one to drink much water and therefore you see in the main cities` streets many children selling water bottles to Qat users among drivers of private cars, taxis, and other mode of transports. A single bottle costs between 100 and 50 riyals and the truck driver consumes around five bottles a day even though his average wage is 60,000 riyals (around $300). He says: “Thursdays and Fridays are the time when I store most and it costs me around 3,000 riyals a day. I store Qat worth like around 1,000 to 2,000riyals on other days. I started working as a driver when I was 18 years old and at first I used to store after work. I could not drive while storing. But it became normal later after getting used to it. The best Qat are Al-Hamadani, Al-Arhabi, and Al-Ashshi and there is Al-Hudaydah Qat and Al-Shami Qat which comes from the Hajjah Governorate”, which is next to Imran Governorate northwest of Yemen.
A field planted in qat trees over looking San`a as many Yemeni adults chew qat leaves, which are used as a stimulent, each afternoon and most productive fields are planted with this crop are noticeable around the capital of Yemen, Friday, Sept. 19, 2008.
According to various and semi-official estimates, the Yemenis daily spend on Qat an average of 800 million riyals (around $4million). The feelings vocalized by someone about the suffering he had from storing Qat look true to a large extent. After spending nearly five or six hours or more inside the storing room you look as if you sitting in a cell with several inmates and then you feel warmth flowing through your limbs so much so that you do not wish to move or take any action. Just sitting like that leaning on pillows laid on the floor before and behind you believing that you are like the Turkish aga who ruled a Greek village, in one of novelist Kazantakis novels. Thus you feel you own everything but are content to be in a child`s swaddle, smiling in satisfaction while sitting in these Qat sessions` prison. Yes, “the tip of my stem, what a taste” and “the last of my stem, what madness.”
The next day, that is the morning after, you wake up with bones that feel broken, a tired body, absentminded, and nerves that are irritated by the merest provocation. The first thing you wish as you wake up is for noon to come, the time for lunch in Yemen, so as to treat your body and spirit with more Qat until late into the night.
People from all walks of life gather in the storing room. Here is a farm owner in his house and with him are two of his farm workers, a university teacher of eastern literature, a correspondent of one of the foreign radio stations, a fifth who is a retired officer, a sixth who is an internet programmer, and others. Talks flow smoothly from politics to economics, from jurisprudence to metaphysics, from Yemen`s future to the Arab countries` past, and from the Somalia problem to the Arabs` past in Andalusia.
“Do you want to write an article for the newspaper that attracts admiration? Then write about Qat, and not just any Qat”, said by someone to prove the success of Qat in performing a very good job and its benefits for creativity in literature and music. They list the names of known and unknown persons saying the Qat was the reason for their excellence to which no one had preceded them. But the university teacher raises his hand to say with his mouth full of Qat leaves: “I do not advise anyone to try it. It is a curse; a calamity that we must get rid ourselves of it. We are addicts. This Qat is an opiate, like drugs, hated, cursed, and even forbidden. It eats a lot of money and time.” He pointed out that President Ali Abdallah Salih had given up this habit.
The divided opinions over Qat has also reached the state`s higher circles and storing rooms where officials, officials` wives, or people close to ones occupying posts in the state take part. Some consider it a hated habit like smoking “and the number of those having it should be reduced” as the Sanaa governor believes while others believe the issue needs more than that, not only for protecting the Yemenis but also the agricultural lands and the scarce water resources in this country. Thus while some governorates do not take action against the Qat which 12 million of Yemen`s 23 million are using for fear of upsetting the citizens, some other governorates have started to take practical measures. Municipalities in several cities have taken preliminary steps to move the Qat markets outside residential areas on the basis that they “are hated markets” in addition to Qat being a bad habit whose planting requires large quantities of water in a country suffering from scarcity of water resources, grains, and other agricultural products that are necessary for food.
The problem is that there are farmers, like Abd-al-Wadud, who turn their faces when they hear such talk on television. He says planting Qat is not expensive because each shrub needs watering once or twice a week. In some fertile areas, the cost is less than other trees that can be planted. At the central level, there are the Yemeni president`s instructions that water should be used to irrigate beneficial agricultural products and not Qat. There are projects which will be actually implemented before the end of the year and they include a plan to enlighten the youths in schools and at public forums about the health, social, mental, and economic damages caused by chewing the Qat. Groups called “good citizenship” will undertake the task of distributing posters and booklets and organize seminars about “this habit which has become a danger to the Yemenis.” Representatives of the World Bank are taking part in this project which is adopted by the Union of Yemeni Women and financed by the Japanese Government. This coincided with the growing problem of water shortages in the country and the demands by many officials to farmers not toplant Qat but get rid of it raising the slogan of “water before Qat.” Thefirst direct decision against Qat was when several districts issued at the beginning of this year instructions to farmers and owners of water-carrying trucks to stop irrigating the Qat plants due to the water crisis there. Nothing like this local initiative in the south of the country had happened before apart from a central project by the agriculture and irrigation ministry to ban the planting of Qat in low agricultural lands in several areas, among them the Dhammar area where the project there is moving steadily to become a reality by offering facilities to the farmers who uproot the Qat shrubs and replace them with grains and fruits. Pierre Gatter, the World Bank`s adviser in Yemen who is a specialist in Qat trees, says the World Bank is seeking to implement a project aimed at limiting the expansion of this kind of agriculture and an enlightenment project to limit the use of Qat among the next generations is being prepared at present. He made the remarks during a tour of Dhammar Governorate with several officials who back replacing Qat with other food crops. The majority of Yemeni farmers continue to rely on Qat as well as the traders in the markets known by its name in all cities. The volume of the trade in which around 750,000 Yemeni farmers and traders are involved is estimated at around 450 billion riyals annually.
Yemeni men chew qat as they sell qat at their shop in the main qat market in Sanaa May 9, 2007. To match the feature YEMEN-QAT. Picture taken May 9, 2007.
Qat makes up around 42 percent of the crops in the lands where agriculture depends on irrigation against 26 for grains, 14 for coffee,13 for grapes, and 5 percent for other crops. Around 35 percent make up the lands which depend on rains against 59 for grains, six for coffee, and 0.3 for grapes.
According to a study titled “Alternative Agriculture to Qat” by Dr. Isma`il Abdallah Muharram, consumption of Qat increased in way that exceeded all expectations during the second half of the last century and pointed out that Qat`s contribution to the domestic agricultural product reached 33percent.
The raising of the “water or Qat” slogan by many senior officials comes at a time when the individual`s share of water is lessening. According to Dr. Muharram`s study, the annually renewable waters in Yemen are estimated at around 2.1 billion cubic meters and the individual`s share of it is only 130cubic meters, that is, the equivalent of 10 percent for the individual in the Middle East and 2 percent of the individual in the world. The study expects this volume to drop to between 90 and 72 cubic meters between 2010 and 2025.
The Yemeni president instructed the agriculture ministry to supply the farmers with free seeds and seedlings of coffee and nuts trees to plant them instead of Qat. He demanded from the government to stop the haphazard drilling of water wells and also the drilling machinery except when it is necessary for potable water and not “for irrigating Qat shrubs”, saying in the speech he delivered in Ibb Governorate at the beginning of June that the local authority should not repeat the previous excesses of granting the drilling firms licenses to drill water wells randomly because this is depleting the water basins` supplies to irrigate non-food crops, foremost of them the Qat shrub, at the expense of food crops, fruit trees, and coffee.
No day passes in happy Yemen without an increase in the number of those opposed to Qat as a crop and usage. The anti-Qat campaign is adopted by youth gatherings and legal societies as well as some officials who are eager to talk with a low voice for fear of angering the majority which continues to insist on living under one rood with the Qat. Songs of the Qat`s virtues were the most prevalent at one time but new stories have appeared about children, women, and families that have been split and impoverished because of this habit. School teachers and officials at the culture and human rights ministry are urging the students` guardians to buy pencils and books for their children instead of spending the money buying Qat and also to devote time to get close to them and learn about their problems instead of spending most of their time in the Qat storing sessions. Sanaa Governor Nu`man Duwayd who said Qat is not banned in Yemen explained that “Qat is not an opiate and has no effect on the individuals` behavior. On the contrary, we might view it negatively but it has also positive points for the farmer. It has not caused a major migration from the countryside to cities because people are planting Qat and living (on its profits). If at any time it is proved that Qat is forbidden or an opiate, then the Yemeni people will stop using it because they are more compliant with the teaching of religion. The Qat markets are everywhere and so are the agricultural lands. But there is awareness among the people to give up the Qat habit because they believe it is a bad one for Yemen, like smoking and like excessive drinking of tea or sitting too much with friends.”
(Description of Source: London Al-Sharq al-Awsat Online in Arabic -- Website of influential London-based pan-Arab Saudi daily; editorial line reflects Saudi official stance. URL: http://www.asharqalawsat.com/)
© Compiled and distributed by NTIS, US Dept. of Commerce. All rights reserved.
Vendors prepare qat, as a customer, right, looks on, at a qat market, in the Yemeni capital San`a, Friday, Sept. 19, 2008. Qat, which is popular with many Yemeni adults, is a leaf that gives a mild narcotic high when chewed.
Akram Afar and Fawaz Alarashy chew khat for up to five hours a day in a hut overlooking the crop in Yemen, where it is legal
“In the center of al-zuwwah (storing space) put me”, “like a baby swaddle me”, “the tip of my stem, what a taste” and “the last of my stem, what madness.” Such verses are common among the Yemenis after a large part ofthem have started to realize the problem of continuing to chew Qat whose leaves are taken from shrubs planted everywhere. Sucking its juice gives a sense of pleasant numbness and happiness for several hours which are followed by a sense of nervousness, distress, and sadness.
This realization that Qat has become a problem is not limited to those who use it but has also become the main topic of discussions by politicians and legal experts in what looks likely to be a long way for eliminating a habit for the Yemenis that has lasted around 300 years. The ideas that look small might get bigger and turn into facts, as Abdallah says. He is a doctor and we were brought together in a “storing room.” Such rooms are found in most Yemeni houses. It is one room in the house or an extension to it where friends and acquaintances meet, in the afternoon. Each one brings his share of Qat and the session of chewing, relaxing, telling stories, watching television, reading newspapers, or surfing the internet are pursued with a clear and trouble-free minds and imaginations that sometimes get mixed up with the reality and reach the point of fantasia. Ethiopia in Africa is regarded as the origin country of the Qat plant and many Yemenis believe that Abrahah brought it to the Arabian Peninsula when he was unable to demolish the Ka`bah so as to drug the peninsula people and make them “feel cheerful” and thus achieve his purpose. Centuries passed and Abrahah disappeared leaving behind him one of his most important weapons, “the Qat.”
Sitting in a large room dedicated to storing during the second half of the day, the owner of a Qat farm in the Imran area called Abd-al-Wadud says the habit of chewing Qat and storing it inside the side of the mouth surprises everyone who visits Yemen for the first time. He added that until 200 years ago, this habit was confined to those who were known in Yemen until recently the ruling and rich classes due to its high prices which were beyond the ability of the ordinary people to buy or chew. But today, every Yemeni can plant his house garden with the Qat shrubs, use part and sell apart.”
Abd-al-Wadud planted over almost 20 years around 1,000 trees out of more than 300 million planted all over Yemen.
Yemeni men sell qat in the main qat market in Sanaa May 9, 2007. To match the feature YEMEN-QAT. Picture taken May 9, 2007. REUTERS/Ahmed Jadallah
Other tales do not stop with that of “Abrahah” but add to them another one going back to the Ottoman rule and the Imamate one in the 19th Century and the first half of the last century. One of the tales says that the Ottoman rulers imposed heavy taxes on Yemeni coffee planters which prompted many of them to replace the coffee with Qat trees and that the unfair tax policies of the Yemeni Imamate rule after the departure of the Ottomans made the Yemenis expand more and more in planting Qat at the expense of coffee plantations. One of the studies prepared by specialized Yemeni centers on Qat points out that chewing this shrub`s leaves, storing them inside the mouth, and holding private storing sessions that bring friends together have become one of the popular traditions at the start of the last quarter of the 19th Century “and since the start of the 20th Century, the poorest sectors joined the users of Qat, including women and students.”
The feeling you have after 40 minutes of chewing the Qat at Abd-al-Wadud`s session is a sense of light numbness that gives you rapture close to that obtained after smoking drugs (hashish). But the farm owner objects and says: “It is not like hashish because Qat does not harm the body. It makes you forget your worries, relaxes the nerves, and calms your mind.” Defending the shrubs planted in his house`s courtyard and which are also planted on the mountain ridges opposite it, he adds: “Storing the Qat removes whatever is preoccupying your mind.”
Qat shrubs are not planted in the vast countryside farms only but are found around cities and in houses` gardens. Qat farms are next to vineyards. Kamal, a truck driver with a lean face and body who was present at a Qat session in Abd-al-Wadud`s house says: “You take the Qat that has a strong effect on the mind, Al-Hamadani Qat or Al-Arhabi Qat.”
The price of a bundle of Qat of the same size as a bundle of watercress starts at 1000 riyals (around $5) and the price drops according to the quality and extent of its effect to around 250 riyals of the “Yemeni honey” variety and to 150 riyals for ordinary Qat.
This truck driver stores it all the time he is awake, that is, he is a “Qat addict” according to him: “I start the engine and put my hand inside the bag. With the first gear move, I start to store. I sometimes store without food all day long. I store while I am on the road, at home, and with my friends.”
Storing requires one to drink much water and therefore you see in the main cities` streets many children selling water bottles to Qat users among drivers of private cars, taxis, and other mode of transports. A single bottle costs between 100 and 50 riyals and the truck driver consumes around five bottles a day even though his average wage is 60,000 riyals (around $300). He says: “Thursdays and Fridays are the time when I store most and it costs me around 3,000 riyals a day. I store Qat worth like around 1,000 to 2,000riyals on other days. I started working as a driver when I was 18 years old and at first I used to store after work. I could not drive while storing. But it became normal later after getting used to it. The best Qat are Al-Hamadani, Al-Arhabi, and Al-Ashshi and there is Al-Hudaydah Qat and Al-Shami Qat which comes from the Hajjah Governorate”, which is next to Imran Governorate northwest of Yemen.
A field planted in qat trees over looking San`a as many Yemeni adults chew qat leaves, which are used as a stimulent, each afternoon and most productive fields are planted with this crop are noticeable around the capital of Yemen, Friday, Sept. 19, 2008.
According to various and semi-official estimates, the Yemenis daily spend on Qat an average of 800 million riyals (around $4million). The feelings vocalized by someone about the suffering he had from storing Qat look true to a large extent. After spending nearly five or six hours or more inside the storing room you look as if you sitting in a cell with several inmates and then you feel warmth flowing through your limbs so much so that you do not wish to move or take any action. Just sitting like that leaning on pillows laid on the floor before and behind you believing that you are like the Turkish aga who ruled a Greek village, in one of novelist Kazantakis novels. Thus you feel you own everything but are content to be in a child`s swaddle, smiling in satisfaction while sitting in these Qat sessions` prison. Yes, “the tip of my stem, what a taste” and “the last of my stem, what madness.”
The next day, that is the morning after, you wake up with bones that feel broken, a tired body, absentminded, and nerves that are irritated by the merest provocation. The first thing you wish as you wake up is for noon to come, the time for lunch in Yemen, so as to treat your body and spirit with more Qat until late into the night.
People from all walks of life gather in the storing room. Here is a farm owner in his house and with him are two of his farm workers, a university teacher of eastern literature, a correspondent of one of the foreign radio stations, a fifth who is a retired officer, a sixth who is an internet programmer, and others. Talks flow smoothly from politics to economics, from jurisprudence to metaphysics, from Yemen`s future to the Arab countries` past, and from the Somalia problem to the Arabs` past in Andalusia.
“Do you want to write an article for the newspaper that attracts admiration? Then write about Qat, and not just any Qat”, said by someone to prove the success of Qat in performing a very good job and its benefits for creativity in literature and music. They list the names of known and unknown persons saying the Qat was the reason for their excellence to which no one had preceded them. But the university teacher raises his hand to say with his mouth full of Qat leaves: “I do not advise anyone to try it. It is a curse; a calamity that we must get rid ourselves of it. We are addicts. This Qat is an opiate, like drugs, hated, cursed, and even forbidden. It eats a lot of money and time.” He pointed out that President Ali Abdallah Salih had given up this habit.
The divided opinions over Qat has also reached the state`s higher circles and storing rooms where officials, officials` wives, or people close to ones occupying posts in the state take part. Some consider it a hated habit like smoking “and the number of those having it should be reduced” as the Sanaa governor believes while others believe the issue needs more than that, not only for protecting the Yemenis but also the agricultural lands and the scarce water resources in this country. Thus while some governorates do not take action against the Qat which 12 million of Yemen`s 23 million are using for fear of upsetting the citizens, some other governorates have started to take practical measures. Municipalities in several cities have taken preliminary steps to move the Qat markets outside residential areas on the basis that they “are hated markets” in addition to Qat being a bad habit whose planting requires large quantities of water in a country suffering from scarcity of water resources, grains, and other agricultural products that are necessary for food.
The problem is that there are farmers, like Abd-al-Wadud, who turn their faces when they hear such talk on television. He says planting Qat is not expensive because each shrub needs watering once or twice a week. In some fertile areas, the cost is less than other trees that can be planted. At the central level, there are the Yemeni president`s instructions that water should be used to irrigate beneficial agricultural products and not Qat. There are projects which will be actually implemented before the end of the year and they include a plan to enlighten the youths in schools and at public forums about the health, social, mental, and economic damages caused by chewing the Qat. Groups called “good citizenship” will undertake the task of distributing posters and booklets and organize seminars about “this habit which has become a danger to the Yemenis.” Representatives of the World Bank are taking part in this project which is adopted by the Union of Yemeni Women and financed by the Japanese Government. This coincided with the growing problem of water shortages in the country and the demands by many officials to farmers not toplant Qat but get rid of it raising the slogan of “water before Qat.” Thefirst direct decision against Qat was when several districts issued at the beginning of this year instructions to farmers and owners of water-carrying trucks to stop irrigating the Qat plants due to the water crisis there. Nothing like this local initiative in the south of the country had happened before apart from a central project by the agriculture and irrigation ministry to ban the planting of Qat in low agricultural lands in several areas, among them the Dhammar area where the project there is moving steadily to become a reality by offering facilities to the farmers who uproot the Qat shrubs and replace them with grains and fruits. Pierre Gatter, the World Bank`s adviser in Yemen who is a specialist in Qat trees, says the World Bank is seeking to implement a project aimed at limiting the expansion of this kind of agriculture and an enlightenment project to limit the use of Qat among the next generations is being prepared at present. He made the remarks during a tour of Dhammar Governorate with several officials who back replacing Qat with other food crops. The majority of Yemeni farmers continue to rely on Qat as well as the traders in the markets known by its name in all cities. The volume of the trade in which around 750,000 Yemeni farmers and traders are involved is estimated at around 450 billion riyals annually.
Yemeni men chew qat as they sell qat at their shop in the main qat market in Sanaa May 9, 2007. To match the feature YEMEN-QAT. Picture taken May 9, 2007.
Qat makes up around 42 percent of the crops in the lands where agriculture depends on irrigation against 26 for grains, 14 for coffee,13 for grapes, and 5 percent for other crops. Around 35 percent make up the lands which depend on rains against 59 for grains, six for coffee, and 0.3 for grapes.
According to a study titled “Alternative Agriculture to Qat” by Dr. Isma`il Abdallah Muharram, consumption of Qat increased in way that exceeded all expectations during the second half of the last century and pointed out that Qat`s contribution to the domestic agricultural product reached 33percent.
The raising of the “water or Qat” slogan by many senior officials comes at a time when the individual`s share of water is lessening. According to Dr. Muharram`s study, the annually renewable waters in Yemen are estimated at around 2.1 billion cubic meters and the individual`s share of it is only 130cubic meters, that is, the equivalent of 10 percent for the individual in the Middle East and 2 percent of the individual in the world. The study expects this volume to drop to between 90 and 72 cubic meters between 2010 and 2025.
The Yemeni president instructed the agriculture ministry to supply the farmers with free seeds and seedlings of coffee and nuts trees to plant them instead of Qat. He demanded from the government to stop the haphazard drilling of water wells and also the drilling machinery except when it is necessary for potable water and not “for irrigating Qat shrubs”, saying in the speech he delivered in Ibb Governorate at the beginning of June that the local authority should not repeat the previous excesses of granting the drilling firms licenses to drill water wells randomly because this is depleting the water basins` supplies to irrigate non-food crops, foremost of them the Qat shrub, at the expense of food crops, fruit trees, and coffee.
No day passes in happy Yemen without an increase in the number of those opposed to Qat as a crop and usage. The anti-Qat campaign is adopted by youth gatherings and legal societies as well as some officials who are eager to talk with a low voice for fear of angering the majority which continues to insist on living under one rood with the Qat. Songs of the Qat`s virtues were the most prevalent at one time but new stories have appeared about children, women, and families that have been split and impoverished because of this habit. School teachers and officials at the culture and human rights ministry are urging the students` guardians to buy pencils and books for their children instead of spending the money buying Qat and also to devote time to get close to them and learn about their problems instead of spending most of their time in the Qat storing sessions. Sanaa Governor Nu`man Duwayd who said Qat is not banned in Yemen explained that “Qat is not an opiate and has no effect on the individuals` behavior. On the contrary, we might view it negatively but it has also positive points for the farmer. It has not caused a major migration from the countryside to cities because people are planting Qat and living (on its profits). If at any time it is proved that Qat is forbidden or an opiate, then the Yemeni people will stop using it because they are more compliant with the teaching of religion. The Qat markets are everywhere and so are the agricultural lands. But there is awareness among the people to give up the Qat habit because they believe it is a bad one for Yemen, like smoking and like excessive drinking of tea or sitting too much with friends.”
(Description of Source: London Al-Sharq al-Awsat Online in Arabic -- Website of influential London-based pan-Arab Saudi daily; editorial line reflects Saudi official stance. URL: http://www.asharqalawsat.com/)
© Compiled and distributed by NTIS, US Dept. of Commerce. All rights reserved.
Vendors prepare qat, as a customer, right, looks on, at a qat market, in the Yemeni capital San`a, Friday, Sept. 19, 2008. Qat, which is popular with many Yemeni adults, is a leaf that gives a mild narcotic high when chewed.
Akram Afar and Fawaz Alarashy chew khat for up to five hours a day in a hut overlooking the crop in Yemen, where it is legal
MAXAAD KA TAQAANAA JAAMACADDA UNIVERSITY TECNOLOGY MALAYSIA, WARBIXIN KOOBAN
Jaamacada Universiti Tecnologi Malaysia-UTM- (Technological University of Malaysia) waa jaamacada ugu da’da wayn dalka Malaysia marka la dhoho barida handasada (injineernimada) iyo tiknoolojiyada. Inkastoo Jaamacada aad caan ugu tahay handasada iyo tiknoolajiyada, hadana waxay leedahay kuliyado kale oo lagu barto Sayniska, waxbarashada/tarbiyada, maamulka iyo kuliyado kale. Jaamacada waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1904 iyadoo markaas ahayd kuliyad yar oo loogu talagalay in wixii teknikal ah ay ka caawiso shaqaalaha tareenada dalka laga dhisay xiligaas. Hase ahaatee sanadkii 1975 ayaa si rasmi loo siiyay aqoonsi jaamacadeed. Website-ka Spanish-ka ah (Webometrics Ranking of World Universities) ee qaabilsan wax ka ogaashaha tayada jaamacadaha aduunka ayaa sheegay in jaamacada UTM ay tahay jaamacada 15-aad ee ugu fiican bariga iyo koonfurta Asia
Kuliyadaha ay bixiso jaamacada waxaa ka mid ah kuliyada handasada noocyadeeda oo idil, jaamacadan ayaa ah jaamacada koobaad ee ugu tayada fiican dhanka injineernimada dalka Malaysia oo dhan. Waxaa kale oo ay bixisaa tarbiyada, cilmiga computerka, Nidaamka macluumaadka (Information systems), handsada noolaha, (bio-medical engineering), dhismaha, handsada kiimikada (Chemical Engineering), ganacsiga, tiknoolajiyada, daraasaadka Islaamka, Hormurka bulshada iyo kuliyado khaas u ah ardayda baranayso mastareedka iyo PHD-ga. Kuliyadaas ayaa waxay ku qalabaysan tahay agabkii ugu danbeeyay ee jaamacadda.Qiimaha jaamacada ayaa ah mid aad u jaban. Tusaale ahaan kuliyada injineernimada ayaa laga doonayaa ardayga inuu bixiyo 950-1000 oo dollar semester walbo. Taas oo ka dhigaysa fiiska mid macquul ah. Total waxay noqonaysaa 2,000 oo dollar sanadkii. Kuliyada Maamulka waa 900 dollar halkii semester. halka kuliyada aqoonta ay tahay in ku dhow intaas oo kale. Ardayda ayaa leh guryo badan oo ay seexdaan iyaga oo dooran kara meesha ay seexan karaan iyo qiimaha guryaha. Ardaygii doonaya inuu kaligiis dago wuxuu iska bixinayaa inta u dhaxayso 1.30 cent ilaa 2 dollar maalin walbo taas isku iman karto 50-60 dollar bishii halka kii doonayo inuu qofkale la dago bixinayo intaasi in ka yar. Dalbashada jaamacada iyo fiiska la iska qaado ee ku saabsan dhamaystirka dalbashada iyo aqbalaada ayaa ah mid aad u jaban sidoo kale. Jaamcada waxaa gacanta ku hayso dowlada dhexe ee dalka Malaysia waxayna xarunteeda wayn ku taalaa magaalada madaxda gobolka Johore ee Johore Bharu. Magaaladaasi ayaa daris la ah dalka Singapore oo wixii ka horeeyay 1965 ka mid ahaan jiray dalka Malaysia intuusan ka go’in 1965.
Kuliyadaha ay bixiso jaamacada waxaa ka mid ah kuliyada handasada noocyadeeda oo idil, jaamacadan ayaa ah jaamacada koobaad ee ugu tayada fiican dhanka injineernimada dalka Malaysia oo dhan. Waxaa kale oo ay bixisaa tarbiyada, cilmiga computerka, Nidaamka macluumaadka (Information systems), handsada noolaha, (bio-medical engineering), dhismaha, handsada kiimikada (Chemical Engineering), ganacsiga, tiknoolajiyada, daraasaadka Islaamka, Hormurka bulshada iyo kuliyado khaas u ah ardayda baranayso mastareedka iyo PHD-ga. Kuliyadaas ayaa waxay ku qalabaysan tahay agabkii ugu danbeeyay ee jaamacadda.Qiimaha jaamacada ayaa ah mid aad u jaban. Tusaale ahaan kuliyada injineernimada ayaa laga doonayaa ardayga inuu bixiyo 950-1000 oo dollar semester walbo. Taas oo ka dhigaysa fiiska mid macquul ah. Total waxay noqonaysaa 2,000 oo dollar sanadkii. Kuliyada Maamulka waa 900 dollar halkii semester. halka kuliyada aqoonta ay tahay in ku dhow intaas oo kale. Ardayda ayaa leh guryo badan oo ay seexdaan iyaga oo dooran kara meesha ay seexan karaan iyo qiimaha guryaha. Ardaygii doonaya inuu kaligiis dago wuxuu iska bixinayaa inta u dhaxayso 1.30 cent ilaa 2 dollar maalin walbo taas isku iman karto 50-60 dollar bishii halka kii doonayo inuu qofkale la dago bixinayo intaasi in ka yar. Dalbashada jaamacada iyo fiiska la iska qaado ee ku saabsan dhamaystirka dalbashada iyo aqbalaada ayaa ah mid aad u jaban sidoo kale. Jaamcada waxaa gacanta ku hayso dowlada dhexe ee dalka Malaysia waxayna xarunteeda wayn ku taalaa magaalada madaxda gobolka Johore ee Johore Bharu. Magaaladaasi ayaa daris la ah dalka Singapore oo wixii ka horeeyay 1965 ka mid ahaan jiray dalka Malaysia intuusan ka go’in 1965.
Saturday, 27 June 2009
Sidee Waxlooga Bartaa dalalka malaysia
Dalka malaysia waadal aad usareeya xaga waxbarasha waanaa tan keentay inay iyimaadaan amaba wax barasha usoodoontaan kumanaal arday ajaaniiba sanad walba kuwaasoo kubiira jaamacada daha kalagedin san ee dalka malaysia hase ahaatee waxaa ardaydaa farahabadan kamid ah ardayda soomalied oo iyagu intii burburku uu ahaa dalkeenu uadaada waxbarasho dalka dibadiisa badanaa waxa ayna aadaan badnaa dalalka kala ah Sudan , Malaysia ,Pakistan, India iyo dalka Masar. hadii aan usoolaabto waxa wax kabarta dalka malaysia arday soomalied oo aad ufarabadan kuwaasoo wax kabarata jaamaacadaha iyo coollege yada ee dalka .
Hasee yeeshee dalka malaysia ilaaxad waa uukanolol adagyhay wdamada akale ee ay wax kabartaan ardayda soomalied taasina waxa ay keen tay in arday soomalied oo aad ufaradan ay kusoolu go aan dalka iyaga oo kuwaasoo soo aada dalka iyaga oo aan kahaysan in formation buuxa waxa kaloo yira iyana arday u soo aada dalka caafimaad kuwaaso iyaguna kusool lu godalka maada dalkan caafimaad kiisu uu aad uqaaliyahay.
Hasee yeeshee dalka malaysia ilaaxad waa uukanolol adagyhay wdamada akale ee ay wax kabartaan ardayda soomalied taasina waxa ay keen tay in arday soomalied oo aad ufaradan ay kusoolu go aan dalka iyaga oo kuwaasoo soo aada dalka iyaga oo aan kahaysan in formation buuxa waxa kaloo yira iyana arday u soo aada dalka caafimaad kuwaaso iyaguna kusool lu godalka maada dalkan caafimaad kiisu uu aad uqaaliyahay.
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